This article advocates a systemic approach to dropout prevention consisting of four components, namely policies that enhance the support available for students at risk of failure; the involvement of leaders, teachers, and parents; school programs that promote a climate of support; and practices that affect students' attitudes and success in school. Three types of school-based programs are described here that have proven successful in elementary and middle schools. Effective school programs feature a clear school mission, high expectations, a safe and orderly environment, instructional leadership, frequent monitoring of student progress, and parent involvement. Research-based instructional practices focus on the needs of specific groups of children; some approaches include early identification and intervention of learning problems, mastery learning, whole language instruction, and cooperative learning. There are also several successful school-based interventions designed for disadvantaged students. 8 references