The first section of the book describes the historic problems that frame contemporary corrections in the U.S.; the various chapters examine the context of the correctional system, the early history of correctional thought and practice, distinctive aspects of correctional history in the U.S., and current theory and evidence on methods of punishment. The section covers the major components and practices of the system as it exists today: jails and other short-term facilities, probation in the community, intermediate sanctions, and various aspects of incarceration including incarceration for women, institutional management, educational and treatment programs, and prisoners' rights. The final two chapters of that section examine the process by which inmates are released into the community and their means of adaptation. In the third section, the authors analyze issues that have become prominent in corrections: incarceration trends, capital punishment, and surveillance of inmates in the community. Chapter references, 1 appendix