However, simultaneous parent and peer influences are not contradictory; the family and the peer system can be said to operate synergistically throughout childhood. Therefore, the development of healthy peer relationships should not be viewed as antithetical to a healthy family, but rather the natural complement to a healthy family. Good relationships with parents provide the basis for good relationships within the peer system. In addition, no point exists at which drug behavior of most adolescents is totally influenced by either family or peers. Moreover, adolescents' drug use also reflects society's acceptance of certain mood- altering substances; youths grow up expecting to use drugs. Furthermore, many adolescent behaviors are transition behaviors that have immediate positive benefits such as acceptance from peers. Nevertheless, adolescents who feel good about their relationship with their parents are less likely to report heavy involvement with drugs, even when the closeness of the relationship fluctuates with the turbulence of adolescence. The influence of parents is an enduring feature of an adolescent's development. Findings indicate the urgent need to educate parents. Photograph and 37 references