Over the last several years, RFLP DNA typing that uses a series of variable-number tandem repeat loci has become widespread in the forensic community. Although this procedure produces very high levels of discrimination, it requires a relatively long time to complete and demands a high molecular weight DNA. By using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the HLA DQalpha locus, these two disadvantages were overcome, but with a greatly reduced power of discrimination. This alternative approach has been used in a new kit developed by Roche Molecular Systems known as the AmpliType PM PCR Amplification and Typing Kit. This paper reports on tests of the usefulness of the five loci LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, and GC included in the AmpliType PM system to determine their potential in the forensic setting. Results obtained with these five loci were compared with results previously obtained from the same evidence samples with RFLP testing. Cuttings from 16 sexual assault cases submitted to the Georgia Bureau of Investigation Division of Forensic Sciences were taken. Each of these items had been previously analyzed with RFLP typing. Evidence associated with these cases included 15 vaginal swabs, one semen stain from panties, and 38 known blood samples. Cases were selected so that RFLP matches, exclusions, and inconclusive results would be tested with the AmpliType PM system. In all cases in which a conclusive answer was reached for the AmpliType PM system, the results agreed with or surpassed results previously obtained with RFLP testing. The AmpliType PM DNA test system has promise as a quick and easy method for elimination or inclusion of suspects. 3 tables, 1 figure, and 19 references