These views were examined in the context of findings from a 3-year field study of street gangs in St. Louis between 1990 and 1993. Interviews were conducted with gang members, and information was obtained about reasons for joining the gang, the nature of gang organization, legal and illegal gang activities, links to other gangs, ties to traditional institutions, and the bond between gang members and their families. In addition to interviews, observations were made of gang activities and individual gang members. The role of 99 active gang members in drug sales was investigated. Results unequivocally showed that gang involvement in drug sales did not affect recruitment and failed to produce commitment to a central goal. In general, gangs were loose associations of young men and women united through shared concerns about turf protection, reputation, and safety. Even though gangs were extensively involved in drug sales, such involvement was seldom well-organized. Findings are discussed in light of the gang's organizational structure and the nature of the street drug market. 34 references, 4 footnotes, and 3 tables