All inmates who enter the BOP program participate in an admission and orientation in which the components of the treatment programs are presented by drug abuse treatment staff. Following orientation, personal interviews are conducted to assess psychological functioning and drug-use history to determine if the individual needs treatment and, if so, what is the best treatment regimen. Drug abuse education is available for all inmates at all BOP facilities and is required for those inmates who meet specified criteria. Nonresidential treatment is also available in all BOP facilities and is similar to outpatient treatment in the community. A key component of treatment is the high-intensity residential treatment program. Currently operating in 33 prison facilities, these programs are available in all geographic regions and at all security levels. The first phase of residential treatment is orientation, which lasts approximately 1 to 3 months. The second phase of the residential program is the intensive treatment phase, which lasts 5 to 7 months. Here the inmates are instructed on the core treatment components, which include cognitive thinking, relapse, prevention, interpersonal skill building, criminal thinking confrontation, wellness, and transitional skill building. The third phase of the residential program is the transition phase. To ensure a continuum of care from the institution to the community, aftercare is a requirement for all inmates participating in residential treatment upon their transfer to a BOP Community Correctional Center. The evaluation component of the BOP's comprehensive drug abuse treatment programs is critical due to the recent expansion of services. 8 references