The latest national survey indicates that two-thirds of adults regularly use alcohol and some 13 million adult and youthful drinkers are said to be problem drinkers. The recommended approach requires a focus on education, public health, treatment, and rehabilitation measures. Other needs are an expanded research effort, a more effective Federal coordination mechanism, closer coordination of law enforcement and treatment agencies, and improvements in drug treatment and prevention programs. Treatment for drug dependence should also be available mainly because people need help, not as a behavior or crime control measure. Research should also focus on the potential of using heroin in the treatment of heroin addition and the effects of drug laws and drug law enforcement on personal decisions to use or not use illicit drugs. Legislative efforts should also continue to decriminalize at Federal and State levels the possession of small amounts of marijuana for personal use.