The shift from a treatment ideology, most popular in the l950's, coincides with increasing prisoner rates in Sweden. In 1975-1980, the average prison and custody population averaged 4,223 persons; the figure in 1993 totaled 5,564. The prisoner rate per 100,000 population was 60 in 1990 and 65 in 1993. Sweden's criminal justice system is detailed in terms of criminal law statutes, procedural law statutes, the court system and the enforcement of criminal justice, and fundamental principles of criminal laws and procedures. Consideration is also paid to the organization of investigatory and criminal procedures, sentencing and the sanction system, conditional sentencing and probation, the prison system, prisoner aftercare, and criminal justice system reform. The mission of Sweden's National Council for Crime Prevention is described, and statistics on crime and criminal justice in Sweden are presented. An outline of the Swedish Penal Code is appended. 3 references and 7 tables