The first tier is a stage-setting intervention, implemented with the intermediate goal of creating a facilitative climate within which to implement the second tier. The first tier targets public health and corrections administrators and employees as well as inmates. The second tier of intervention is the implementation of an infection-control program within correctional facilities. This program is based on a collaboration between public health and corrections organizations. Its ultimate goal is the reduction and prevention of infectious disease among inmates and, consequently, in communities. Inmates are the primary clients of this phase. Communities are secondary clients. Although the first tier of intervention is probably not that helpful in reducing disease, it is a necessary condition for the successful implementation of the second-tier intervention. 23 references