In theory-driven program evaluation, the claim is that neglect of theory produces an evaluation that is a set of predetermined research steps that are uniformly and mechanically applied to various programs without concern for the theoretical implications of program content, setting, participants, implementing organizations, etc. The lack of theory means appropriateness of goals and possible unintended consequences of a program might never be considered. One example in criminal justice evaluation is shock incarceration, which is usually evaluated on how much it reduces recidivism of offenders or diverts offenders from prison. However, this approach ignores the extent to which the program supports the larger policy goal of getting tough on crime. The authors claim that using a social constructionist approach helps to disclose wider social interests underlying broad policy goals. They examine in some detail the social construction of intermediate sanctions. References