Results indicated the existence of real and complex feelings of unease and uncertainty among Protestants, justifying the use of the term alienation. The analysis focused on the intricate nature of these feelings, with emphasis on their relationships to politics, legislation, security, community development, media, culture, and identity. Findings indicated that this sense of alienation reflects a perception that within Northern Ireland the social and constitutional bulwarks for Protestants are being steadily and persistently eroded. Participants expressed anxiety and an almost paradoxical nervousness about what peace might mean and the further changes that might have to accompany it. Supporters of an accommodation between the two communities in Northern Ireland expressed the fear that the results would compromise, reduce, or put in jeopardy the essential Britishness of Protestants and would be viewed as a reward for violence. The majority did not regard a united Ireland as an acceptable alternative to violence. Some Protestants also believe that more public debate would help reassure the Protestants that they are involved in the thinking, planning, and negotiation over their future. The socioeconomic dimension of alienation arise from concerns about discrimination and the absence of skilled local leadership within Protestant communities. Findings indicated the importance of monitoring community disaffection and produce policies designed to produce public confidence. (Author summary modified)