The opening statement at the hearing indicated that most Federal employees are aware of fraud in their programs but that upper-level Federal managers often choose to ignore such fraud. In addition, most fraud cases are detected only after Federal agencies accidentally discover them, and small fraud cases are not usually deemed worthy of prosecution. Because taxpayer money is seldom recovered in fraud cases, strong internal controls in Federal agencies are needed. Prepared statements were submitted at the hearing by representatives of the Office of Management and Budget and the General Accounting Office. Additional materials for the record examined such issues as reprisal for Federal employees who report fraud, auditing and other accounting procedures necessary to detect fraud, and Federal program innovations to reduce fraud. Tables and figures