The guide notes that tuberculosis poses a unique challenge in the correctional environment as inmate populations increase and prison overcrowding makes an outbreak of tuberculosis a serious threat. The control of tuberculosis is an essential aspect of inmate health care. All correctional facilities should have a written tuberculosis control plan and should designate a person who is responsible for tuberculosis control programs. Correctional facility officials should form close working relationships with their State and local health departments because health departments can assist in tuberculosis control activities in the areas of screening, containment, and assessment. The transmission, pathogenesis, and epidemiology of tuberculosis in correctional facilities are addressed. Tuberculosis screening procedures are discussed, as well as the diagnosis of tuberculosis, the reporting of tuberculosis cases identified through screening, infection control, and treatment. Appendixes contain case studies, screening algorithms, treatment tables, and additional information on the control of tuberculosis in correctional facilities. Endnotes, tables, and figures