The occurrence of AIDS among blacks and Hispanics has been disproportionate to their representation in the general population, as has their representation among prison populations. Therefore, HIV infection among minorities in prison is a special area for concern. Minorities represent 70 percent of Maryland State inmates, and they have a disproportionate rate of HIV infection compared to whites, even after controlling for a history of intravenous drug use. These preliminary findings underscore the need to develop or refine culturally relevant educational strategies in the prison setting. In addition, culturally sensitive community outreach programs are needed reach economically and educationally disadvantaged persons who are culturally isolated from mainstream public health interventions. Additional complementary strategies also deserve attention. 36 references