Global developments since World War II have combined to produce social, economic, and political environments that have increased both the profitability and destructive impact of systematic illegal activity. Overall, the chapters of this volume challenge the simplistic assumption that crime is caused by bad individuals, acting alone or conspiring together, and that crime can be adequately addressed by increasing conventional police activity. This assumption is not supported by the available empirical evidence. A major focus is on organizational crime and illegal acts that must be viewed in the context of continuous enterprises that pursue their goals in relatively unpredictable social, political, and economic environments. These environments are national, transnational, and global. Eight essays discuss the following topics: North American organized crime, U.S. foreign policy and drug control, the influence of the United States on British drug control, the international linkages between organized crime and legitimate businesses in toxic waste disposal, the Camorra in Naples, the extent and control of fraud in the activities of the European Economic Community, the destructive capacity of corporate crime, and the attempts to control corporate crime. For individual essays, see NCJ-164445- 52. Chapter notes, a 352-item bibliography, and author and subject indexes