The incidence of tuberculosis varies widely among geographic areas. Densely populated urban areas may have a high incidence and concomitant drug resistance. Health care providers and corrections managers need to work with their respective State Boards of Health and tuberculosis control to ensure a knowledge base and understanding of the issue. Environmental controls are crucial in reducing the risk of the spread of tuberculosis. Many of these controls are difficult in cramped jail settings. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary strategy in both correctional settings and the community. Corrections managers need to implement appropriate and cost-effective screening program, and a close working relationship with local health authorities. Glossary