Surveys suggest that young people start their criminal conduct at an earlier age, continue offending for longer periods, commit increasingly serious offenses, and are more violent. A growing proportion of the problem is caused by foreign young people, particularly Moroccans. Crime among girls is increasing, but is only a fraction of the crime rate for boys. While boys are committing serious crimes of violence more often (murder, manslaughter), the increase reflects mostly types of crime (e.g., robbery with the threat of violence) in which physical violence is rarely actually used. Juvenile offenders institutions include closed detention centers and treatment centers, which are usually open. Both types have the goal of preparing young offenders to return to the community. A research study distinguished the following characteristics of delinquent young people: (1) core group, who have moderate problems in several areas; (2) attachment problems; (3) runaways and drug users; (4) severe developmental disorders; (5) hothead group; (6) social and emotional problems; and (7) multi-problem group, who suffer from all the problems listed. A treatment plan for the youthful offender may include: helping him to improve his personal image; regulating his life rhythm; teaching him to recognize and respect social rules; and increasing his social competency. Endnotes