Following a brief description of the principal developments in juvenile justice since the beginning of the 20th century, the chapter describes the main changes in juvenile justice brought about by the most recent changes in the law. The chapter describes the current overall response to juvenile offending, including pretrial arrangements and the wide range of sentencing options available to the youth court. Judicial arrangements for dealing with young offenders (those aged 10 to 17) include: (1) cautioning, to deal quickly with less serious offenders and to divert them from criminal court; (2) prosecution; (3) remand arrangements; and (4) sentencing. Remand arrangements could be accommodation in a community home; placement with a remand foster home; supported lodgings, where the host family offers a degree of support; or prison. Sentences available for young people aged under 18 include discharges; financial penalties; community sentences; and custodial sentences. References