The first step in examining family violence is to recognize and identify likely perpetrators and victims of such violence. In providing treatment, clinicians, social service workers, and health care providers must be aware of their ethical responsibilities. In addition, the costs of spouse and child maltreatment to individuals, families, businesses, and society have been overwhelming, and more resources need to be devoted to research and intervention programs and to the training of professionals in the area of family violence. Substantial funds are necessary to deal with symptoms rather than problems, the aftermath of violence, the loss of productivity for society, and the loss of human lives. Issues, interventions, and research questions associated with spouse and child abuse are discussed, and some innovative approaches, programs, and theories are described. Consideration is paid to child custody issues in family violence, child sexual abuse, adult sexual abuse survivors, and incest offenders. Specific areas requiring additional research or intervention are noted. 146 references