Developed by Sigmund Freud, psychoanalysis is a theory of both normal and abnormal behavior and a method of counseling. Psychoanalytic theory is very complex and is based on the assumption that all behavior is motivated. In dealing with criminals, psychoanalysts focus on conscious and unconscious desires that motivate criminal behavior, anger, aggression, and ego strengths and weaknesses. Implications of the psychoanalytic approach to treatment and the use of psychoanalysis with criminals are considered. 1 note and 1 figure