Structured wilderness adventure programs are examples of programs with rehabilitation goals and juvenile training schools are intended primarily to meet social control goals. The chapter looks briefly at the origins of wilderness programs; compares them to traditional training schools; examines the similarities and differences among various established wilderness programs; and describes in detail seven of the most widely known wilderness adventure programs. The chapter also reviews some of the more critical programmatic components, including therapeutic camping, rock climbing, an overnight solo experience, alternative school, and family counseling. The chapter concludes with an examination of evaluations of the effectiveness of wilderness programs. The chapter includes discussion questions based on the information presented. Tables, references