Every important topic bearing on the history, policies, and operation of American prisons is covered, from the management of inmates with AIDS to incarcerated juveniles, from boot camps to life in prison without parole, and from racial conflict to sexual exploitation in prisons. Some 160 essays are presented alphabetically by topic, ranging from "accreditation" to "youth in prison." Many of the entries begin with a historical discussion of the topic to help frame the issue. A number of the authors are well-known for their historical work with prisons (James Bennett, Dorothea Dix, and Howard Gill); and many of the facilities profiled are renowned for setting precedents (e.g., Walnut Street Jail, Alcatraz, and Marion). Essays also focus on current prison policy, procedures, and programs, such as efforts to counter inmate contraband, boot camp programs, inmate classification, and prison technology. Current prison issues discussed include prisoners' rights, prison gangs, and prison visits by the children of incarcerated women. Bibliographies and illustrations accompany the essays. Author and subject index