Correctional professionals need to recognize that the capital investment is by far the cheapest phase of jail operations. Before hiring an architect, they need to consider the philosophy on which they will want to operate, the life cycle of the facility and materials, and the need for flexibility for repairs and modifications over the next 50 years. It is not necessary to use a local architect, but it is essential to use an architect with experience in jail design. Using value engineering is a way to produce the most cost-effective result. A team approach is also crucial to effective planning and design. It is also important to consider the factors that are relevant to the facility's security levels and to define the security envelope in the set of schematics. Using color codes on the schematics can be a useful way to make clear the security envelope and the security levels. Careful input and review throughout the process will ensure that the final structure reflects the design intent and complements the operation. Illustration