Polygraph testing is used by the Federal Government for pre- employment and security screening of individuals who require special access to select programs, materials, or agencies. Although the polygraph technique is not infallible, research clearly shows that when administered by a competent examiner, the polygraph test is one of the most accurate means available to determine truth and deception. The literature indicates that a standard BI is defective in ascertaining a large amount of adjudicable information. Evidence of the deterrence power of the BI is lacking. Although the polygraph examination, in conjunction with the BI, is the best means of ensuring the security of national secrets, an argument can be made that the polygraph alone is less time-consuming, less costly, less manpower- intensive, and produces more adjudicable information and deterrence than a typical BI. As government continues to shrink and budgets are reduced, it is incumbent on government security programs to maximize the use of their remaining investigative tools. 6 references