The article presents research findings based on 35 ethnographic interviews. There were no definite, universal patterns regarding reasons for abusing alcohol and other drugs. However, family dysfunction, substance abuse practices of parents, childhood sexual abuse, family conflict around gender expectations, and traditional androcentric Catholic values were major stressors and contributing factors for most of the women abusing alcohol and other drugs. Apart from sexism and lesbophobia in the home, the overall environment of discrimination based upon ethnicity and race also appeared to be a risk factor which compounded the problems of the women interviewed. Many of the women reported a tremendous feeling of loneliness stemming from loss of family kinship and difficulties fitting or being accepted into the mainstream gay and lesbian community. The article includes recommendations concerning research, policy, training, interventions and treatment. Notes, references