The discussion notes that the issue reflects a similar recent situation relating to believing or not believing the accounts of other forms of abuse. The discussion emphasizes the need for a base for treatment; such an underpinning would help lead to ways of helping fearful children and other people who are recalling events of bizarre and ritualistic forms. In addition, paradoxical situations may exist. Thus, an obligation exists to protect children from significant harm, but the allegations may be beyond belief. In addition, harm may be denied, but the allegations may be confirmed as true. Different professional groups take different pathways and use different procedures to elucidate truth. The analysis concludes that social workers, counselors, and therapists may need to act in a climate of suspended belief and to recognize that disturbed perception, memory, and meaning may still be distressful in the absence of evidence. 28 references (Author abstract modified)