The average life expectancy of a Neighborhood Watch group is rather short, and the most successful programs recruit new members a few times a year. Despite difficulties associated with establishing successful programs, experts rarely discuss the steps that lead to success. Specifically, details are lacking on broad leadership issues such as group dynamics and maintenance techniques. Adequate preparation, planning, and training for citizen involvement can reduce confusion and create opportunities for better communication and increased cooperation. To achieve some degree of success, police departments need to consider five steps during the development and maintenance of Neighborhood Watch programs: (1) plan strategies; (2) train police officers in providing crime prevention assistance to citizens; (3) assess community needs; (4) select and train citizen volunteers; and (5) develop meaningful projects. The development and maintenance of successful Neighborhood Watch programs are examined in relation to community concerns and complaints, police and citizen roles, group development, and the importance of mutual trust between police and citizens. 5 endnotes and 3 photographs