The projects were originally developed by the probation service in the 1970s and now emphasize educational and employment rehabilitation and the development of life skills, as well as other activities. The literature review included selected research from the wider literature on young offenders. Results revealed that motor projects can and do work provided that they include careful targeting and management and are operated professionally and according to exacting criteria. Participant attitudes and conviction rates appeared to improve, but longer-term gains were less well documented except in some notable cases. Findings also suggested that it may be difficult to obtain and keep the serious offenders who may benefit most from such projects. Crucial factors include willing and cooperative participants, careful screening and selection of participants, accountable management, management separated from daily operations, trained staff, clear lines of communications, sustainable resources, a monitoring system, and the publication of an annual report. Other factors included the linking of course components with course aims, targeting to criminogenic needs and offender risk level, incentives to keep participants involved, the use of accredited programs or modules, careful evaluation planning, and the use of control or comparison groups where possible. Checklist presenting these and additional crucial features