The seminar series was held at All Souls College with funding from the Oxford Program for Hellenic Studies. The first essay provides an overview of the varied responses of European countries to new concerns about crime and forms of criminality, with emphasis on the growing bifurcation between the criminal sanctions for resident and migrant offenders and the different approaches for common criminals and organized criminality. The second paper examines a heroin prescription program in Switzerland and explains how it increased the prospects of social rehabilitation and drastically reduced involvement in criminality. The third paper focuses on developments concerning the needs of victims of crime and their involvement in criminal justice systems across the continent. The fourth paper reviews crime prevention in the Netherlands, with emphasis on the need for evaluation if public support for crime prevention rather than increased punitiveness is to be maintained. The fifth paper focuses on the tensions resulting from demands on the French police system to adapt both to local needs and to transnational crime. The final paper discusses research on football hooliganism among hardcore soccer fans in Greece. Tables, footnotes, and chapter reference lists