Countries represented at the conference included Cote d'Ivoire, Nigeria, Zambia, Republic of South Africa, India, Pakistan, Nepal, Europe (England, France, Germany, Sweden, Portugal, Italy, Belgium, Spain, Scotland, and Switzerland), Brazil, Argentina, Canada, and the United States. Conference participants presented considerable evidence that correctional facilities serve as major reservoirs of HIV infection, hepatitis, and tuberculosis and that unprotected sexual intercourse and injection drug use in overcrowded correctional facilities perpetuate public health dilemmas. In addition, conference participants recommended that correctional staff and inmates, including inmate peer-educator-counselors, be educated and that prophylaxis treatment and harm reduction initiatives be implemented by correctional facilities. 1 reference