Some investigations dealing with drug use by school children, their knowledge about drugs, and their opinions about existing and possible drug prevention activities in school are presented. Basic prevention principles for primary drug prevention programs are discussed. The author believes a common strategy in the field of primary drug prevention has not been achieved, most programs focus mainly on adolescents and drug prevention work needs to start earlier, there is a lack of drug prevention activities for at risk groups, foreign drug programs and materials are not always adapted to Lithuania's situation and needs, and parents are not involved sufficiently in drug prevention work. A drug prevention strategy is recommended that targets all forms of drug abuse, that reduces risk factors and enhances protective factors, that is age-specific, that stresses benefits of a healthy lifestyle, and that involves young people. 3 references