Reasons given for using demanding physical activities fell into four major areas: personal and social development, something different for young offenders, desire to suit the preferences of young offenders, and supply considerations such as low cost and easy access. Outdoor adventure activities were the most common, but there was no clear evidence they were more effective than other activities for changing offending behavior. Physical activities were perceived by probation officers and program managers to be an effective means of developing personal and social skills. Program evaluation highlighted issues that should be carefully considered to establish good practices related to program rationale, activity selection, referral, staff, transportation resources, acknowledgement of participant achievements, continuity of the learning process, and monitoring of objectives. 2 tables