The analysis considers the contrasts and conflicts between classicism and positivism, including social contract theories and utilitarianism as forms of classicism, the current status of classicism, and positivism as a deterministic theory that asserts that people are controlled by factors of which they are unaware. Further chapters consider theories relating to gender, subculture, labeling, and differential association, and conflict theory and radical criminology. Further sections focus on victimology, fear of crime, restorative justice, and problems related to the accuracy of reported crime statistics. The final chapter considers how the thinking of criminology relates to and affects the British criminal justice system and its daily operation. The discussion focuses on criminal justice models; police, policing, and law and order; public disorder; decisions regarding bail or detention; sentencing and punishment; imprisonment; crime prevention and community safety; and white-collar crime. The author is a magistrate. Index and 208 references