The second edition of the standards includes changes that expand the scope of the standards to include juvenile facilities and implications for mental health services for offenders on community supervision; increased emphasis on legal, American Psychological Association, and licensing standards (especially as applied to informed consent, confidentiality, and "duty to warn"); and broader roles for correctional psychologists (e.g., policymaking, psychological screening of security staff, advocacy work, and consultation). The intent of the standards continues to be the improvement of advocacy, accessibility, integrity, quality, and measured effectiveness of mental health care for all offenders, both adult and juvenile, who may require or may benefit from it. The literature review on studies of drug treatment availability and effectiveness concludes that there is abundant research evidence that supports drug treatment as an effective means to reduce illegal drug use, crime, and recidivism among offender populations. Essential components of effective drug treatment are summarized. For individual articles, see NCJ-184535-37.