The chapter first outlines the distinctions between probation and parole officers and correctional officers. The former manage incarcerated offenders in prisons and jails, and the latter manage offenders in the community. The methods of selecting those who work in institutional corrections and community probation and parole agencies are described. The next part of the chapter describes the education and training of correctional officers, including a description of assessment centers. The recruitment of women and minorities into correctional officer positions is increasing. Some explanations for this trend are offered. Probation officer caseloads and their variations are then described. Because correctional work is stressful for most engaged in it, stress and burnout are addressed. The chapter concludes with an examination of auxiliary personnel, paraprofessionals, and volunteers who work in institutional and community corrections. 1 table, key terms, review questions, and 4 suggested readings