The book is based on more than 60 in-depth interviews with former detainees and their relatives. It documents arbitrary arrests and abuses in detention in Chechnya, focusing on seven facilities, identified by name. The torture and other abuses documented in this report are serious violations of Russia's obligations under the Geneva Conventions of 1949, which elaborate the rules for internal armed conflict, and under the instruments of international human rights law to which Russia is also party. The book calls on the Russian Federation to end the practice of torture, to ensure accountability for torture and compensation and rehabilitation for victims, and to ensure access by the international community. It also calls for specific actions by the Special Representative for Human Rights, the International Community, the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, bilateral donors, the European Union, and the United States. Glossary, figure, notes, appendix