The theories mentioned include behavioral theory models, cognitive models, humanistic and existential models, transpersonal identity models, psychodynamic reasoning, and sociological and anthropological perspectives. The authors give attention to "the mind processes," or rather the identity and cognitive factors that are involved in the development of long-term use. They argue for the development of a multidimensional model that takes into account the interaction between relevant personal and situational variables involved in long-term tranquilizer use. The paper analyzes the contributions and limitations of various theoretical models. The authors argue that the long-term use of tranquilizers is a multi-determined phenomenon that can only be partly explained by the models reviewed. The multidimensional model is viewed as offering an integrative approach. 72 references