As popular sentiment toward crime and criminals has hardened, there has been an accompanying demand for greater punishment. The rush to punish has encountered spending curbs, tax cuts, and "tough on crime" statutes, the "war on drugs" has overburdened the United States correctional facilities, and sound-bite polemics has replaced careful and thoughtful policy development. Among the many topics that the book examines (from local, State, and Federal perspectives) are juvenile justice, sentencing, the indeterminate sentence, treatment theory and practice, special problems and programs in probation and parole, and intermediate punishments. Because the problem of drug and alcohol abuse is so prevalent in probation and parole practice, this book contains material on supervising substance-abusing offenders. Recognizing the public's concern with sex offenders, the book also contains material on supervising that clientele. As in previous editions, each chapter includes review questions. The book concludes with an examination of "success" and the related issue of recidivism. Figures, notes, references, indexes