In Minnesota, peacemaking or sentencing circles have been used in the judicial system and schools with promising results. Results of a qualitative study examining the efficacy of peacemaking circles revealed they were embraced by both victims and offenders. In the present study 62 individuals were interviewed including 15 victims and family members, 15 offenders and family members, 8 circle keepers, 17 community representatives, and 7 justice system workers. Twenty-eight cases referred by the criminal justice system to the circle process were observed. Most cases participated in four circle meetings and involved juvenile misdemeanors. Participation in the circle process was voluntary. Although many participants reported initial discomfort, over two-thirds reported feeling at ease speaking in the circle once it began. Effective circles were dependent on the use of a speaking piece which was passed around and guaranteed each participant uninterrupted speech. Secondly, effective circles relied on a skilled circle keeper who established and maintained ground rules. Effective circle keepers were those who possessed non-judgmental attitudes, were organized and focused, patient, good listeners, and possessed a compassionate and respectful attitude to all participants. Circles generally lasted 90 minutes to 2 hours. Most cases required several circle meetings and a follow-up circle held after the offender made amends. Circle groups start with a review of the participants expectations for the meeting. The offense is then discussed including any feelings resulting from the offense. Lastly, a plan for making amends is discussed as well as future relations between the victim and offender.