Masturbation is defined as an alternative method of sexual release within correctional facilities and an institutional infraction. As discussed in this chapter, sexual behavior in general and masturbation are related to two concerns with prison, social control and health maintenance/promotion. Masturbation is a sexual practice seen as part of a larger group of behaviors to form sexuality. This chapter attempts to provide an understanding of masturbation framed within a discussion of sexuality. In order to contextualize masturbation in prison, several models for understanding sexuality are described such as the androcentric (sexuality from a male perspective) and feminist models, as well as a discussion of how these models influence the study of prison sexuality. In prison, masturbation is almost always a violation of institutional rules. Yet, it offers inmates an alternative outlet to release frustrations and stresses while incarcerated. Masturbation is also viewed as potentially reducing the amount of consensual and nonconsensual sexual behavior in prison. Prison administrators must be presented with the recommendation that masturbation is a natural part of life and can prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, the definition of masturbation as a violation of institutional rules must be reconsidered. References