An introductory overview of violence-prevention efforts states that research to date has not yet identified factors or a combination of factors that significantly prevent or reduce interpersonal aggression and violence; however, violence-prevention programs typically target three main areas: knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. Violence prevention programs that address a variety of risk and protective factors are more likely to be successful than those that address only a few factors. Further, schools are well positioned to be a prime education partner in ending violence and promoting equality. The section following the introduction describes various models of prevention and types of prevention programs, making the case for schools as a logical venue for conducting violence-prevention programs. Topics addressed are the nature of prevention, the role of schools in violence-prevention efforts, whether resources from within the school system or outside the school system should be used for prevention programs, and current trends and implications for prevention programming. The next section of the manual describes the nature of violence or abuse directed primarily against girls and young women and then profiles violence-prevention programs whose impact has been proven by research or that are innovative in some way. "Gender-based" prevention programs are described first; these programs target violence most likely to impact girls (ages 6-12) and young women (ages 13-18). This is followed by a segment that describes programs to prevent general violence or bullying. Remaining sections of the manual provide basic guidelines for evaluating school-based prevention programs and for selecting prevention programs.