Youth justice systems have always aimed to deter young offenders and punish them when they offend. In this chapter, the youth justice system of England and Wales is reviewed with an examination in the changes of philosophies that has moved away from acknowledging the needs of young offenders to emphasizing the criminal deeds committed by young offenders. The chapter begins by discussing the origins of the youth justice system of England and Wales and is followed by discussions on the invention of delinquency, the development of the youth justice system in England and Wales, welfare versus justice, the rise of progressive minimalism, corporatism the third model of youth justice, delinquency management, the justice model, the origins of penal populism, penal populism in the United Kingdom and the renaissance of youth imprisonment, the Crime and Disorder Act of 1998, youth crime and the family, and the future of youth justice. References