Overall, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has been working over the past year to create and implement preparedness plans; to develop procedures and policies that will guide actions in the event of a terrorist attack; to conduct training and exercises that will ensure first responders have the necessary level of preparedness; to enhance partnerships with State and local governments, private-sector institutions, and other organizations; and to fund the purchase of needed equipment for first responders, States, cities, and towns. As part of these efforts, the DHS is establishing a new office for interoperability and compatibility that will coordinate communication interoperability, equipment, and training compatibility among Federal, State, and local governments. DHS has already identified technical specifications for a short-term, baseline interoperable communication capability that will allow first responders to interact by voice with each other, regardless of frequency or mode. DHS' planning efforts have included the creation of a National Response Plan, the development of a National Incident Management System, and the design of a Catastrophic Incident Response strategy. Achievements are also summarily described in the following areas: sharing information more efficiently among strategic agencies at all governmental levels; the development and execution of programs to increase preparedness; funding preparedness and the streamlining of the grant system; training for future challenges; and involving communities in the preparedness effort.