Prior to describing the cognitive-behavioral treatment method for sex offenders, the article discusses risk, need, and responsivity factors in sex offender treatment as well as the assessment of sex offenders. A description of cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) of sex offenders notes that CBT is based on social learning theory and is the most widely accepted and effective type of intervention with sex offenders. Such treatment is based on the premise that cognitive processes and behavior are linked and that cognition influences behavior. Within this model, sex offenses are viewed as patterns of behavior that have developed and been maintained through learning and reinforcement that has resulted from entrenched maladaptive responses and coping mechanisms. CBT aims to replace maladaptive or deviant responses with adaptive, prosocial beliefs and behavior by targeting specific areas in which offenders are deficient. CBT also involves skills acquisition and rehearsal; the reduction of cognitive distortions; the development of effective problem-solving strategies; improved social and victim perspective-taking; improving sexual and social relationships; managing affective states; reducing deviant sexual arousal; and developing adaptive thinking processes, affect, and behavior. Research has shown that CBT is effective in reducing recidivism. Treatment effects are enhanced when attention is given to the process of treatment and therapist characteristics in addition to the content and procedures used. 183 references