The study did not find any significant age or site differences among boys in rates of DBDs; however, DBD rates among girls increased with age in the New York City sample (South Bronx) and decreased with age in the Puerto Rico sample (Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas of San Juan and Caguas). The significant comorbidity for DBDs was attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The most significant correlates of DBDs were lack of parental warmth and approval, poor peer relationships, and parental reports of aggressive behavior during the toddler years. Cultural factors, such as level of acculturation, were not linked to DBDs. The findings indicate that clinical and prevention efforts should focus on interpersonal factors such as parent-child relationships and peer interactions. The representative probability community samples (n=2,491) consisted of 5-13 year-old boys and girls. In interviews with the children and their parents, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV was used, and measures of correlates were used to identify any association between DBDs and potential risk factors for DBD, taking comorbidity into account. Data were collected mostly between 2002 and 2003, but spanned a 3-year period from August 2000 to August 2003. 5 tables and 16 references