The research initiative involves three main stages: (1) estimating re-incarceration rates for the Province of Nova Scotia for the years 2000 to 2005; (2) piloting accredited and sustainable substance abuse programming for inmates; and (3) evaluating the programming. The research initiative is an independent project designed to address: (1) issues of addiction; (2) the relationship between addiction and recidivism; and (3) programming needs. Previous research has shown that up to 77 percent of the adult inmates in Nova Scotia are challenged by substance abuse and 85.5 percent have reported that substance abuse was related to their criminal activity. Moreover, of the 129 inmates reporting substance abuse problems, all 129 expressed an interest in substance abuse programming. The current provision of substance abuse programming in Nova Scotia correctional facilities is reviewed, which shows that although there is some substance abuse programming available, it is not consistently provided across the province and treatment type can vary widely. Moreover, the common practice in Nova Scotia is for front line correctional officers to deliver programming to inmates, which can have a negative impact on inmate trust, motivation, and interest. Future directions for the research initiative are discussed and include the development of a longitudinal study to follow pilot program participants over the long term. 25 notes