Emergency service agencies are well equipped to measure the amount of radiation in an area (radiation intensity) and radioactive contamination, which are two different measurements. While the equipment used for these purposes is state-of-the-art and accurate, most first responders do not know how to read and properly respond to these measurements. Mark Linsley, a Penn State University health physicist, teaches first responders about radiological hazards, which are not as hazardous as the general public believes. Having a working knowledge of radioactive hazard recognition is therefore critical for first responders to appropriately carry out their tasks and save lives. The author explains that most first responders do not understand that they can enter high radiation exposure areas for short periods with little to no danger to themselves. This is important when victims need medical help and evacuation. Knowledge of harmful radiation levels is also necessary to make proper decisions about evacuations, which can be extremely disruptive and costly. The article explains how radiation released into the environment is measured and identifies harmful levels, which actually need to be maintained at high levels for long periods of time before they are harmful to human life. Tips are offered for preparing first responders to appropriately handle radiation situations: (1) identify facilities in the area where radioactive materials are used; (2) develop contacts at these facilities to understand the risks posed; (3) identify and purchase the equipment best suited to the level of hazard in the community; (4) contact radiation safety professionals for guidance; and (5) train. Exhibits