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General Guidelines for Categorization and Interpretation of Mixed STR DNA Profiles

NCJ Number
217859
Journal
Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal Volume: 39 Issue: 4 Dated: December 2006 Pages: 179-216
Author(s)
Ray Wickenheiser
Date Published
December 2006
Length
38 pages
Annotation
This article presents SWGDAM's (Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Method's) guidelines for interpreting mixed DNA profiles (more than one individual has contributed biological material to a sample).
Abstract
The author discusses the LSD (Least Squares Deconvolution) objective mathematical approach to interpreting two-person mixtures, as well as the Combined Probability of Inclusion/Probability of Exclusion method. The guidelines recommend separating mixed DNA profiles into six specific types, which simplifies the process of identifying individual contributors. One type consists of a set of two mixed DNA profiles that contain a male and a female contributor, specifically a sperm (male) and an epithelial (female or nonsperm). The second mixture type is a mixed DNA profile obtained from a single sampling of a specimen (usually nonsemen-related), to which a forensically valid assumption can be applied. The third type of mixture has a distinct major contributor and a trace minor contributor, and the fourth type of mixture is a mixed profile with one major contributor and one minor contributor. The fifth mixture type is a mixed profile with one major contributor and more than one minor contributor. The sixth type of mixture is a mixed profile with no distinct major and/or minor contributors. The separation of mixed DNA profiles into distinct types retains significant case-specific information by considering relevant known DNA profiles. If a forensically valid assumption can be made regarding the presence of a contributor expected to be present, then consideration of the contribution of a known sample can be used in deducing another contributor. If no assumptions can be made based on case-specific knowledge, a more conservative interpretive approach is warranted. Where appropriate, indication of a sole source may be possible. 8 figures, 2 tables, and 34 references