As expected from previous research on individual mock juror judgments (Bottoms et al., in press), male and female jurors had different opinions of the case before deliberating as a jury; men favored defense arguments and women favored prosecution arguments. These predeliberation gender-related perspectives apparently led to distinctive strategies and voting patterns in the jury room. During deliberations, women had an approximately equal number of proprosecution and prodefense statements; whereas, men were more likely to make only prodefense statements, especially when the ultimate verdict was not guilty. Also, women were more likely than men to switch their vote in the course of deliberations. The switching of votes, however, was related to whether the jury was composed of a majority of women. When women were in the majority, mock jurors changed from a not-guilty to guilty verdict more often than did mock jurors who were on juries that did not have a female majority. When there was not a female majority, jurors changed from a guilty to not-guilty verdict more often. Female-majority juries rendered more guilty verdicts than did juries without a female majority. The sample consisted of 300 students (150 men and 150 women) enrolled in an introductory psychology class. There were 6 members in each mock jury and 10 juries of each type. The five types of juries consisted of two female-majority juries, two male-majority juries, and one jury with an equal number of men and women. The trial involved a defendant charged with sexual assault of a 6-year-old girl, with the prosecution's case based primarily on the alleged victim's testimony. 2 figures and 25 references