As the collection and analysis of DNA evidence expands, along with the nationwide DNA database known as CODIS (Combined DNA Index System), the likelihood increases that a DNA match will occur some time after there was no initial DNA match for suspect identification. The Federal DNA initiative is an important nationwide step in providing resources for increasing the capacity of Federal, State, and local agencies to analyze DNA evidence. In order to make the best use of these expanded resources, law enforcement agencies should designate a team of detectives to focus on cases that have grown cold due to the lack of leads, including the failure to achieve a DNA match. Should such a team find a DNA match with a CODIS file added since the first DNA submission, all evidence in the case should be examined with a focus on the suspect identified in the DNA match. When investigators discover the suspect's current location, he/she should be interviewed, and a confirmation DNA sample obtained from the suspect, using a search warrant if necessary. A buccal swab is preferred due to complications that could arise in transporting a blood sample. The investigators should then talk with the victim and the victim's family, providing assistance from a victim advocate. During this period of the investigation, issues should be clarified in anticipation of various legal defense strategies. If more than one case is involved, investigators should cooperate across jurisdictions. In preparation for trial, all evidence should be tested for admissibility. 5 notes